Othman, B.R. 2026. The Spatial Relationship between Soil Properties and the Manifestations of Desertification in Erbil Governorate and Their Effect on Agricultural Production (1995–2025). KOYA UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES. 9, 2 (Sep. 2026), 753–770. DOI:https://doi.org/10.14500/kujhss.v9n2y2026.pp753-770.