The Rise of Religious Conflicts in the Islamic World and its Effects The First Three Centuries AH

Abstract

In this research, we discuss the emergence and consequences of religious conflicts in Islamic society. These conflicts appeared early on and continued with various changes, especially in the context of political issues with religious implications. The issue of Muslim leadership and the election of the Prophet's successor has been one of the most controversial issues since the Prophet's death. During the first three centuries AH, this issue entered the basic principles of the movements that ignited the fire of these conflicts, as each party insisted on its right to rule and rejected the other and its political proposals. In addition, and at different stages, the authorities, according to their religious views and positions, played a role in supporting these conflicts. Each party's understanding of the principles and concepts of faith created religious disputes, as each considered itself the defender and supporter of true Islam and tried to consolidate its own views, and impose them on others opposing it. Hence, the main questions of this study revolve around how religious conflicts with political backgrounds emerged at the beginning of Islamic history, and how these conflicts were reflected ideologically and intellectually on the Islamic society. We also tried to explore the impact of these conflicts on the intellectual views of those who wanted to study the history of Islam and how they came to rewrite it according to their religious views.