Geometric Patterns and Six-Pointed Star Motifs on Shaddadid Emirate Coinage: A Historical-Analytical Study

Abstract

Abstract: This study examines the coinage of the Shaddadid Emirate in the Arran region, focusing on their use of six-pointed star motifs and geometric patterns. The Shaddadids achieved administrative and financial independence, demonstrated through their coin production featuring distinctive decorative elements executed in Kufic script. Using content analysis and historical sources, the research analyzes coins as documentary evidence from various emirate rulers. The geometric patterns and star motifs served decorative, aesthetic, and space-filling purposes on coin surfaces. Key findings reveal that the Shaddadids minted only dirhams bearing their names, suggesting economic limitations preventing dinar production. Each new ruler attempted to remove predecessors' names from coinage. These coins enabled financial independence and facilitated economic transactions. The six-pointed star motif served multiple purposes: astronomical and astrological significance, influence from non-Muslim civilizations (particularly Armenian Christian families connected to some rulers), and commercial facilitation in trade relationships with non-Muslim neighboring authorities. The coinage represents a crucial element of the emirate's economic autonomy and reflects the complex cultural and religious influences shaping Shaddadid monetary policy. This numismatic evidence provides valuable insights into the Shaddadid Emirate's economic capacity, cultural influences, and strategic diplomatic considerations through their distinctive use of stellar and geometric decorative elements on currency.