The relationship between “consumerism” and “religiosity” among Kurdistan Region youth A field study in the Kurdistan Region

Main Article Content

Faez I. Muhammad

Abstract

The current research aims to explore the relationship between “Consumerism” and “Religiosity” among the youth of the Kurdistan region and examine how they influence each other. The research adopts a “Quantitative” approach, and relies on an “Online survey method” along with a “questionnaire” as data collection instruments. To achieve that, “Multi-chain referral sampling” and “Raking weighting” were utilized to recruit the participants. After weighting, the sample was modified and adjusted from 3,201 to 984 people aged 18 to 30 in four provinces of Kurdistan Region. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS and SmartPLS software. The findings of the research highlighted a lower mean [2.52] of “consumerism” for the participants, whereas “religiosity” revealed a considerably higher mean [4.41]. The analytical path model indicates that there is an inverse relationship between consumerism and religiosity, and that “religiosity” (b=-0.617) reduces consumption by about -62%. Approximately 38% of the variance and change in “consumerism” were predicted and explained by “religiosity”. Consequently, it is concluded that the level of religiosity and cultural values in the Kurdistan region, despite the rapid material changes and the existence of the free market, is still strong enough to regulate and direct its economic system.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

How to Cite
Muhammad, F. I. (2023) “The relationship between “consumerism” and ‘religiosity’ among Kurdistan Region youth: A field study in the Kurdistan Region”, Koya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 6(1), pp. 197-211. doi: 10.14500/kujhss.v6n1y2023.pp197-211.
Section
Articles
Author Biography

Faez I. Muhammad, PhD in sociology, Department of Communication, College of Arts, Salahaddin University, Erbil

PhD in sociology, lecturer in communication department, college of arts, salhaddin university, erbil

References

Adorno, T. & Horkheimer, M. (2002). "Dialectic Of Enlightenment: Philosophical Fragments". Edit: Gunzelin Schmid Noerr. Translate: Edmund Jephcott. Redwood City: Stanford University Press.

Babbie, E. & Roberts, L. W. (2018). "Fundamentals of Social Research". 4th Canadian Edition. Toronto: Nelson Education Ltd.

Babbie, E. (2014). "The Basics of Social Research". 6th edition, International Edition.Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.

Baudrillard, J. (1998). "The Consumer Society: Myths and Structures". London: Sage Publications Ltd.

Bocock, R. & Thompson, K. (1995). "Social And Cultural Forms Of Modernity; Understanding Modern Societies: An Introduction". London: Polity Press.

Bourdieu, P. (1984). "Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste". Boston: Harvard University Press.

Brown, T. A. (2015). "Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research". 2th edition. New York: Guilford Press.

Callegaro, M. et al. (2014). "Online Panel Research". New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Cook, D. T. (2005). "Consumer Culture". The Blackwell Companion to the Sociology of Culture

Coser, L. A. (1977). "Masters of Sociological Thought: Ideas in Historical and Social Context". 2th edition. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc.

Creswell, J. W. (2009). "Research Design; Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches". LA: Sage.

De Vaus, D. A. (2002). "Surveys In Social Research". 5th edition. Crows Nest: Allen & Unwin.

Edited by Mark D. Jacobs, Nancy Weiss Hanrahan. London: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Gauthier, F. & Martikainen, T. (2013). "Religion in Consumer Society". Surrey: Ashgate Publishing.

Henseler, J., et al. (2014). "A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling". Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1): 115-135.

Hirschle, J. (2014). "Consumption as a Source of Social Change". Social Forces, 92(4): 1405-1433.

Holdcroft, B. (2006). "What is Religiosity?". Catholic Education: A Journal of Inquiry and Practice. 10 (1): 89-103.

IOM. (2018). "Demographic Survey Kurdistan Region of Iraq". UN: International Organization for Migration.

Kellner, D. (1989). "Critical Theory, Marxism and Modernity". London: Polity Press.

Kivisto, P. (2011). "Key Ideas In Sociology". 3th edition. LA: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Likert R. A., (1932). "Technique for the measurements of attitudes". Archives of psychology. 140(22): 5-55.

Neuman, W. L. (2014). "Basics of Social Research: Qualitative & Quantitative Approaches". Edinburgh: Pearson Education Limited.

Ridgeway, C. L. (2014). "Why Status Matters for Inequality". American Sociological Review, 79(1): 1-16.

Rubin, I. I. (1972). "Essays on Marx's Theory of Value". Translated: Miloš Samardžija and Fredy Perlman from the 3rd edition, Moscow: Gosudasrstvennoe Izdatel'stvo, 1928. Detroit: Black and Red.

Simmel, G. (1971). "On Indiviuality and Social Forms". Edited by O.N.Levine, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Slater, D. (2005). "The Sociology of Consumption and Lifestyle". In Craig Calhoun, Chris Rojek and Bryan Turner (eds), London: The SAGE Handbook of Sociology.

Stearns, P. N. (2001). "Consumerism in World History: The global transformation of desire". London: Routledge.

Veblen, T. (2007). "The Theory of the Leisure Class". London: Oxford University Press.

Yurdusev, A. N. (1993). "'Level of Analysis' and 'Unit of Analysis': A Case for Distinction". Millennium. 22(1): 77-88.