Spatial differences in Temperature of 500 Millibar Pressure level in Iraq

Abstract

The 500 millibar pressure level is considered one of the most important pressure levels in the troposphere, it represents the middle of this layer at an altitude of about 500 millibar above sea level. The aim of this study is to show spatial differences and their effects on temperature at 500 millibar pressure level in Iraq, for this purpose, the daily weather map determines the entire pressure level in eight points for. We then converted the data in the maps to Excel data to find the monthly and annual average temperatures of the areas. To show the effect of spatial differences on the temperature of this level, we compared the data according to different regions in terms of space and time and then analyzed the different factors that affect this pressure level. To achieve the objective of the research, we have divided the research into: Theme 1: Spatial difference of annual average temperature for 500 millibar pressure level, Theme 2: Monthly difference of 500 millibar pressure level temperature, Theme 3: Factors affecting 500 millibar pressure level temperature. The results of this study show that the differences in location affect the temperature recorded according to regions and months, so that the more we go from the northern Kurdistan Region to the southern Iraq, the average temperature increases, The coldest month in the western part of North Kurdistan recorded a temperature of -24.6 degrees Celsius, while the warmest month in central Iraq recorded a temperature of -0.9 degrees Celsius. This means that considering the difference in location different factors affect the temperature of the pressure level of 500 millibars