Political Islamic Movement in The East of Kurdistan (1979-2001) Maktabi Quran And Da’wa And Reform Movements as Examples

Abstract

This study discusses the Islamic political movement in East of Kurdistan (1979-2001). when the Ottomans and Qajars were deeply troubled by the coming of the West in form of strong military power to the Middle East. This led to the emergence of a generation of reformists in these countries, To escape this situation, they started devising modern Islamic thought and believed that not Islam itself as religion, but deviation from the principle supremacy of Islam was a reason for the end of Islamic civilization. Therefore, in 1928, the Fundamental Islamic Organization was established in Egypt under the name of the Muslim Brotherhood, and after a while it opened branches in other Islamic countries. In 1979, after the Iranian Nations revolution success, a number of religious movements and organizations formed. A part of these organizations was working to establish a local Kurdish-Islamic authority. On the other hand, there were organizations working with Ayatollah Khomeini and the newly installed regime in Tehran, and others identifying themselves under the umbrella of international Muslim Brotherhood Organization. The method of this research is a history check and analysis relying on personal interviews, books, and scientific research related to this topic. The purpose of the research. We will intensely focus on the history, and ideology of Maktabi Quran which is known as the special Kurdish movement.  Also, the movement of the Muslim Brotherhood was under the impact of the internal Muslim Brotherhood and members of the same organization in the South of Kurdistan who is working under the name of Da’wa and Reform.